Headache and dizziness in children are common symptoms and, although they are often harmless, they can understandably cause concern for parents and carers.
In this article, consultant paediatrician Dr Abraham Neduvamkunnil explains the most frequent causes of headaches and dizziness in childhood, how these symptoms are assessed, and when it is important to seek medical advice.
Common causes of headache in children
Most headaches in children are classified as primary headaches, meaning they are not caused by an underlying medical condition.
Tension-type headaches
Tension-type headaches are the most common form seen in children. They are often described as a tight or pressing sensation around the head. These headaches may be associated with factors such as stress or anxiety, poor sleep, dehydration, or prolonged screen use, particularly during school days.
Migraine in children
Migraine in children is more common than many parents realise and can occur even in younger age groups. Migraines may cause throbbing head pain, sensitivity to light or noise, nausea, or vomiting. Children often want to lie down in a quiet, room. Unlike adult migraines, childhood migraines are typically shorter in duration and may affect both sides of the head.
Less common causes
Occasionally, headaches may be linked to infections such as sinusitis, uncorrected vision problems, or a recent head injury.
Causes of dizziness in children
Dizziness is a broad term and children may describe it in different ways, such as feeling “woozy” or “spinning”.
Common reasons include:
- Dehydration or missed meals.
- Viral illnesses, especially those affecting the inner ear.
- Postural dizziness, when standing up quickly.
- Anxiety or panic symptoms.
In teenagers, dizziness can also be related to rapid growth or hormonal changes.
When headache and dizziness occur together
Headache and dizziness often occur together during migraine, viral infections, or periods of dehydration. In most cases, these symptoms are short-lived and improve with rest, fluids, and reassurance.
Red flags: when to seek medical advice
While most headaches and dizziness are not serious, you should seek urgent medical review if your child has:
- Persistent vomiting.
- A worsening or severe headache.
- Changes in behaviour, balance or vision.
- Headache following a significant head injury.
- Dizziness with fainting or chest pain.
These symptoms need prompt assessment to rule out rare but serious causes.
How are these symptoms assessed?
Assessment usually involves a detailed history and physical examination. Most children do not require brain scans or blood tests. Keeping a simple symptom diary can be helpful in identifying triggers and patterns.
Treatment and prevention
Management often focuses on lifestyle measures:
- Regular meals and good hydration.
- Consistent sleep routines.
- Limiting screen time.
- Managing stress and anxiety.
Pain relief may be recommended when needed, and migraine-specific treatments can be used in some cases.
Headaches and dizziness in children are common and usually manageable with simple lifestyle measures. Understanding potential causes and recognising warning signs can provide reassurance and ensure timely medical care.
Worried about your child? Dr Abraham welcomes babies, children and young people from birth to 18 for private consultations at Spire Nottingham Hospital, Spire Leicester Hospital and online. Request an appointment or call 07306 438709.
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About the author
Dr Abraham Neduvamkunnil (Dr Abraham) is a Consultant Paediatrician with over 20 years’ experience, caring for babies, children and young people from birth to 18 at Spire Nottingham Hospital, Spire Leicester Hospital and online across the UK. Read more about Dr Abraham or book an appointment.